Involvement of upper cheek sagging in nasolabial fold formation

Background:

Nasolabial folds are a well-known feature of aging, but the mechanism of their formation remains unclear.



Objectives:

To clarify the mechanism of nasolabial fold formation, we established grading criteria for severity and explored the influence of dermal elasticity and subcutaneous adipose mass. We also investigated the involvement of facial morphological changes, such as wrinkling and sagging.



Methods:

Faces of 108 healthy Japanese female volunteers (age range: 20–60) were photographed at the angle of 45°, and a six-grade photograph-based grading scheme for nasolabial fold severity was established and evaluated. In 70 Japanese female volunteers (middle-aged: ...

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